ABSTRACT
Abstract This study evaluates how atenolol affects dental mineralization in offspring of female spontaneously hypertensive rats (fSHR) and normotensive Wistar rats (fW). fSHR and fW were treated with atenolol (100 mg/Kg/day, orally) during pregnancy and lactation. Non-treated fSHR and fW were the control groups. Enamel and dentin hardness were analyzed (Knoop, 15 g load, 10s) in mandibular incisor teeth (IT) and molar teeth (MT) obtained from the male offspring of atenolol-treated and non-treated fWistar and fSHR. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey post hoc test (p < 0.05). Atenolol reduced the arterial blood pressure (SBP) in fSHR, but it did not change the SBP in fW. The offspring of non-treated fSHR had lower enamel (IT and MT) and dentin (IT) hardness than the offspring of non-treated fW (p < 0.05). Atenolol increased enamel and dentin hardness in the IT obtained from the offspring of fSHR and fW (p<0.05), but the offspring of fSHR presented higher values (p < 0.05). Atenolol did not alter enamel width in the IT obtained from any of the groups, but it increased enamel and dentin hardness in the IT obtained from the offspring of fSHR and fW. Atenolol affected the IT obtained from the offspring of fSHR. Atenolol increased only enamel hardness in the MT obtained from the offspring of fW. In conclusion, maternal hypertension reduces tooth hard tissues, and treatment with atenolol increases tooth hardness in male offspring of hypertensive and normotensive female rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Hypertension , Atenolol , Rats, Wistar , Dental Enamel , Dentin , HardnessABSTRACT
Objetivo: Premature acquisition of cariogenic microorganisms seems to be related to higher prevalence and activity of caries lesions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in infants enrolled in a dental preventive program and in their mothers, as well as to assess the influence of bacterial prevalence, diet and oral hygiene in dental caries prevalence. Material and methods: After clinical examinations (n = 50), saliva and oral biofilms were collected and stored prior to real-time PCR at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months of age. Results: No correlation was observed between the presence of cariogenic pathogens and diet or hygiene habits at all ages; however, association increased with number of erupted teeth. Salivary levels of bacteria were lower in children than in their mothers at all ages, and children with carious lesions had high ingestion of sugared food. Conclusion: As the levels of cariogenic pathogens were low in the patients that were enrolled in a preventive program, we can conclude that control of oral biofilm as eruption of infants' teeth occurs and sugar ingestion should be considered of great importance in preventive dentistry, because the association between them was highly positive. (AU)
Objetivo: A aquisição precoce de microorganismos cariogênicos está correlacionada a alta prevalência e atividade de lesões de cárie. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de Streptococcus mutans e Streptococcus sobrinus em bebês e pares de mães, matriculados no programa educativo e preventivo da Bebê Clínica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba (UNESP), como também foi avaliada influência da prevalência bacteriana, dieta e higiene oral na prevalência de cárie dentária. Material e métodos: Após exame clínico (n=50), foram coletados saliva e biofilme e submetidos a real-time PCR aos 6, 12, 18 e 24 meses de idade. Resultados: Não foi observada correlação entre a presence de patógenos cariogênicos e hábitos de dieta e higiene em todas as idades avaliadas. Níveis salivares foram mais baixos nas crianças do que em suas mães em todas as idades, e as crianças portadoras de lesões cariosas tinham maior ingestão de alimentos açúcarados. Conclusão: Uma vez que os níveis de patógenos cariogênicos foram baixos nos pacientes que frequentam um programa preventivo, podemos concluir que o controle de biofilme durante a erupção dentária e da ingestão de açúcares pode ser considerada medida de grande relevância em prevenção odontológica, uma vez que a associação foi altamente positiva. (AU)